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Combined APA and MLA Citation Guide

How to cite

Examples are taken directly from either Purdue's Online Writing Lab (OWL) or from the MLA Handbook, 9th edition. Please be advised that your instructor and the MLA Handbook are the final authority on formatting, mechanics and citing references. This guide provides basic information only. Please refer to the MLA Handbook (9th ed.) for detailed information.

Below are the core elements or containers common to all sources in the MLA model:

  • Author.
  • Title of source.
  • Title of container,
  • Contributors,
  • Version,
  • Number,
  • Publisher,
  • Publication date,
  • Location.
  • Supplemental Elements